Going Clean: Drugs and Creativity in the Lives of 10 Musicians

One of the most depressing things about the whole sex, drugs, and rock ‘n’ roll mythology is how persistent and pervasive it remains in 2011. We don’t buy into hands-over-ears “Just say no” sanctimony here, but equally, there’s something sad about the fact that musicians still buy into Baudelarian mythology about drugs driving creativity. Equally, however, there’s the  uncomfortable fact that plenty of musicians have a) made great music while on drugs and b) made mediocre music after going clean. Here at Flavorpill, we have a theory about this — that musicians’ drug-taking coincides with the early stages of their career, and they often get clean at about the same stage they run out of ideas. But clearly, this isn’t always the case — so join us after the jump as we put this theory to the test by looking at ten artists who’ve been very, very bad, then eventually got clean, and evaluate their work before and after the change. The results are… interesting.

David Bowie

It’s hard to believe that the man who invented Ziggy Stardust was shy, but Bowie apparently started using cocaine for the same reason many people do — to reduce his inhibitions, and also because he had so many ideas he didn’t want sleep to get in the way of being able to continue working. It all sounds awesome in theory, but as ever, the reality is somewhat different — in Bowie’s case, it ended up in subsisting on milk, bell peppers, and half of Colombia’s GDP, giving Hitler salutes, and trying to exorcise a swimming pool because he believed Satan was hiding in it. It’s also a measure of just how strung out he was that moving to Berlin with Iggy Pop constituted a relatively healthy lifestyle decision. He finally got clean in the early ’80s, a period that coincided with a distinct drop-off in quality — although having said that, has anyone ever had a decade as fertile as David Bowie during the 1970s? Let alone be able to sustain such a run for longer? In 2004, he reflected on the question of drugs and creativity: “So many people find it fashionable to say you couldn’t write those things if you weren’t on drugs and all that. I just doubt that’s the truth at all, because some of the best things I wrote in that period I had already cleaned up.”

Insobriety: A decade of genius
Sobriety: Three decades of (largely) dignified elder statesmanship

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[...] while back, we wrote about the age-old music industry debate regarding whether drugs catalyze creativity. There's a huge [...]

[...] while back, we wrote about the age-old music industry debate regarding whether drugs catalyze creativity. There’s a huge [...]

[...] long been interested in the connection between drugs (legal and otherwise) and art, which explains why we were so excited to hear that one of our favorite publishers, Akashic, is [...]

[...] critic Tom Hawking wrote a piece for Flavorpill titled Going Clean: Drugs and Creativity in the Lives of 10 Musicians, which compares the sober and addicted work by several prominent musicians.  He puts forward a [...]

I am not a musician but a painter. So those boxes are easy enough. On the drug thing. It took me a long time to learn how to handle myself and nobody could. Brilliant train-wreck, gorgeous mistake, caged animal, call it what you will. Often I wake up during the night saying out loud " go away I am trying to sleep". You don;t get a choice as a creative person and I am not suggesting we are victims or that I am annoyed, but I am compelled...I am madly and passionately in love and tied forever to my desire to create..it is an ir-esistable force ...it always wants to play with me and never tires..it is getting stronger as it goes along..as my focus sharpens and narrows.. I cannot stop this intensity.. You feel everything, all the time, there is no rest and it is the deepest stake that drives and drives, there is no bottom to this universe. I isolated myself and just spent time resolving who I was. Inside creativity there are these opposite forces pulling and pushing and grinding against each other and wanting to smash everything to smithereens so you can pick up the pieces and start again..make newness..create and destroy..You have this un-parelleled universe that your inside and its so big and sublime and never lets up...you just want to smash it open for relief..Drugs. Stop the noise. Dull the feeling. Take away the pain of too much feeling.( an artist can be frightened by themselves..you can find yourself confrontational to yourself) I doubt anyone using drugs creating would leave anything worth-while behind if they were totally under the pump from effects. There is a point of destruction that is different for everyone and probably not much creativity or immortality arises from it..your just exhausted, but at least you can rest..flatten the batteries. I wear ear-plugs in cities when I leave the farm. I have mountains surrounding me, cuddling me like big arms..what you end up looking for is sober protection and refuge..I think all artists at heart need protection..the work offers protection through distance...I can touch people and feel them. I watch scenes unfolding before me and I shake in public from too much feeling...making love is like kissing the creator and then being left to die....waking up born and puzzled.....I read these fascinating articles from intellectuals, doctors, sensorial humans trying to discuss a discourse on " this album" or "that picture"...I get the critique but it is so empty. I do not understand how anyone can intellectualise pure raw emotion...this act of creating in the end has nothing to do with intellect, call it instinct, but it is not an experience that is practical..and it is what happens when you create. I rarely remember anything..but I know the place, and I go willingly. On all artists having mental illness...its all sod and rubbish. We experience a landscape that is different and yet people try to box it up. Is repression a form of madness? Is playing God with politics a schizophrenic activity? WE say we are normal and artists are not, yet listen with your heart-rip it open and see clearly before you that some of the ways we conduct ourselves "normally" are horrendous, and evil, yet are born from trans-generation or from lack of freedom or love.. I know now, I must look after myself. Honest Love, Sleep, good food, water, being very careful about where I choose to be/who I choose to be with. Truth is, we are all as fragile and as beautifully connected to soul as a creative person is..it is only that we are there,copulating with fire, daring, risking, with all the universe rushing in. Hopefully we can remind humanity that we are gods amongst each other,everyone so precious and rare. We can help each other to live. We can magic each other courage.

I believe that Elton John did not write the bulk of his 1970's work

rubbish. i'll take the old drug-addled lou reed anyday over this year's model.

it's not about the drug abuse, it's about the personal torment. people who don't know from suffering don't know from art. the greatest artists, writers and musicians of our time suffered from mental illness, were prone to drug abuse, or were themselves victims of physical or emotional abuse. researchers have even established a direct correlation between success as a jazz musicians and mental illness: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3199035.stm. great art comes from the process of exorcising one's demons. all else is meaningless.

So I've thought about this topic much as my niece is musically talented and thinks that drugs make better music. My theory is that it isn't the drugs that make the music, it is the attitude of the band. Most of these bands start out with talent and ideas - the drugs are a byproduct of the lifestyle and eventually become a crutch. When they are forced to abandon the drugs for their own salvation, the reckless dedicated attitude focused on the music is lost and the fear of self-harm and the memories of their lost selves distract the artists from their former work. And yes, the ideas do get used up if that person/group is not capable of more than one creative thought. Anyway, would love to develop that theory further.

This list is thin at best, boring, and, sadly, barely scratches the surface. Too many artists have gone down this road, many died along the way. It's a topic that you've covered in a way that you should have recognized is beneath you if you have any sense of decorum or taste, or even want to be taken seriously. There could have been forty or fifty examples here and even venturing a discussion as to whether their work was better before or after is sickening. I know (and have known) many of them personally.

Love old Nick. Love new Nick. Love, love Grinderman. Hate everything NIN after the Fragile (Bite the Hand that Feeds, really? Fuck you). and @DA - Use Your Illusion was a sonic monument... wtf are you even saying... Adler was a great drummer but to no avail. Appetite was one of the tritest pieces of lyrical garbage of that musical generation - 80's indulgence to the frothy ass brim of a pint glass filled with dog shit. Illusion at least had the integrity of sounding bigger than any rock record in 10 years. This article leads me to believe that, yes, drugs are good - and yes, maybe sometimes, sobriety is OK too. I'm ten years old.

I thought the videos would show some signs of drug use but they were just ehh videos... boring...

Wait a sec -- where's Keith Richards?????

You should go back and listen to Bowie's 80's records.

Disappointingly boring. Reading this was enough to make me want get high.

She laughed and said "Iggy, You have got a biggy!"

First off, Grinderman is incredible. Go see them live. Nick Cave is one of the few examples that makes sense in terms of really pulling off --the worthwhile creative transition from a user to whatever he is now. Frusciante's "niandra..." album is also timeless, a classic. Towers over all of his subsequent yoga and ghost solo output. Another great example of a band who peaked creatively thanks to the combination of drugs and talent ...Jane's Addiction. Every good song from their first two or three albums (s/t, Nothing's Shocking, and Rutual) was pretty much written in the early drug stages of their career. At the time, a shift towards feeble crap was occurring (Been Caught Stealing, for example, was written for Ritual). And then it seemed Perry shifted towards ecstasy and we got the uninspired Porno for Pyros. Same goes for Guns n Roses. Epic beginnings, ferocious escalating drug habits. Creative decline is obvious with the release of Use Your Illusion. Axl tried to control the heroin use, Adler was kicked out, enter characterless Matt Sorum. Add horns. Ouch. What happened. Had he hung in there with the heroin , we would have had a better follow up full length to Appetite. Last great GnR moment ..."patience" live with don Henley sitting in on drums at the American Music Awards. The last of the cool looking skinny Axl era. Great article. Please do a part two

Dave Gahan from Depeche Mode also went through drug hell, and came out with Ultra one of their best albums after he almost died.But great list all the same.

@ R Baird – thanks for the comments, which I largely agree with. I'm not entirely dismissive of Cave's recent work – Abbatoir Blues in particular was quality, and you're right about The Proposition, although I must admit to being in Team Mick Harvey and not being a big fan of Grinderman, which has largely coloured my opinion of his recent output. I have interviewed Lou Reed and can add my voice to the chorus of opinion that he's a first rate prick to journalists, at least, but I still love his music, and Berlin is one of my favourite records of all time. And good call on Steve Earle. I didn't know that Zevon was a drug user, and will go out and read up about him forthwith. Anyway, thanks again :)

Unmentioned in this article is the harrowing story of Warren Zevon, who died of mesothelioma, a very nasty form of lung cancer, and resumed drug use after a long period of being clean. Take a look at his daughter's book, "I'll Sleep When I'm Dead". Steve Earle is a another guy whose late career has blossomed after a long period of getting clean.

Lou Reed may or may not be a nice man (most say the former) but you can not watch the DVD of his live performance of Berlin and not weep. Like Nick Cave, he does not talk much about getting clean or what it took. He has been generous and supportive to younger artists, like Antony.

A little too snarky and dismissive of Nick Cave's recent work. Again, more depth, more range and much more varied than his days with The Birthday Party. The soundtrack to "The Proposition" and other film scores is first rate, although I am not as enthused about Grinderman. He has been a creative and vital force in the musical world into his 50's, silly mustache and all.

Maybe a minority opinion, but I think Bowie's recent work (I saw his fantastic show on his last tour prior to his heart trouble) is brilliant and vastly preferable to much of his stuff prior to the Berlin trilogy.

What do you mean by Baudelarian mythology??? I understand he is a poet so are you referencing a particular poem?

When does the mobile interface roll out.

Taking drugs to make music to take drugs to.

"He finally got clean in the early ’80s, a period that coincided with a distinct drop-off in quality — although having said that, has anyone ever had a decade as fertile as David Bowie during the 1970s? " Yes. Neil Young.

Morrison 5 pts

Fifteen feet of pure white snow....Haha

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  1. [...] critic Tom Hawking wrote a piece for Flavorpill titled Going Clean: Drugs and Creativity in the Lives of 10 Musicians, which compares the sober and addicted work by several prominent musicians.  He puts forward a [...]

  2. [...] long been interested in the connection between drugs (legal and otherwise) and art, which explains why we were so excited to hear that one of our favorite publishers, Akashic, is [...]

  3. [...] while back, we wrote about the age-old music industry debate regarding whether drugs catalyze creativity. There’s a huge [...]

  4. [...] while back, we wrote about the age-old music industry debate regarding whether drugs catalyze creativity. There's a huge [...]