Are Book Covers Different for Female and Male Authors?

This week, we read a great article by Meg Wolitzer in The New York Times about the ways in which novels written by men and women are perceived differently — both by readers and by publishers. She has many great points, and the article is definitely worth reading as a whole if you’re interested in the state of gender and book publishing, but one of the ideas that stuck out to us was Wolitzer’s discussion about the primary way in which books are marketed — their covers. She writes,

“Look at some of the jackets of novels by women. Laundry hanging on a line. A little girl in a field of wildflowers. A pair of shoes on a beach. An empty swing on the porch of an old yellow house. Compare these with the typeface-only jacket of Chad Harbach’s novel, “The Art of Fielding,” or the jumbo lettering on “The Corrections.” Such covers, according to a book publicist I spoke to, tell the readers, “This book is an event.” Eugenides’s gold ring may appear to be an exception, though it has a geometric abstraction about it: the Möbius strip ring suggesting that an Escher-like, unsolvable puzzle lies within. The illustration might have been more conventional and included the slender fingers and wrist of a woman, had it not been designated a major literary undertaking.”

Wolitzer posits that this is part of the reason that books by women sometimes get ignored by male readers: their feminine covers ”might as well have a hex sign slapped on them, along with the words: “Stay away, men! Go read Cormac ­McCarthy instead!”" We have to agree. To try to get a visual handle on her point, we’ve pulled just a few covers of recent, critically acclaimed books by men and by women — several of which Wolitzer mentions in her article — though of course any grouping is likely to yield slightly different results. Click through to see our conclusions, and be sure to weigh in yourself in the comments.

The Men:

Wolitzer is right on the money, at least in this grouping — the text is large and blocky or scripted in fat marker lettering, the colors neutral or, in the case of The Art of Fielding, decidedly masculine. The Marriage Plot doesn’t seem the least bit out of order to us, the ring, as Wolitzer points out, barely registers as a wedding band, even with that title sitting on top of it — instead it seems mathematical, a comment on infinity rather than fidelity. David Foster Wallace’s The Pale King is the most subdued of the bunch, but he doesn’t need any extra flash — everyone knew this novel as going to be an event whether the letters were writ large or no. Still though, they’re all in caps, and there’s nothing frilly about the art — just a king and some words. The Tragedy of Arthur is an interesting case — the hardcover fits snugly in with its loud letting, but the paperback seems to be telling a different story altogether. We wonder what that change is about?

The Women:

Indeed, the book covers by women are by and large more delicate, both in lettering and illustration — the images are fuzzy, painted or hazy or quirkily drawn, and there seems, for some reason, to be a heck of a lot more serifs than on the men’s covers. Plus, without us trying for it, there’s a double showing of that golden yellow color that we seem to see everywhere these days. Was there a focus group that said that color made ladies want to buy books more than others? We bet there was. The notable exception to the rule in this grouping is A Visit From the Goon Squad, which looks like it belongs on the boys’ shelf with its large block letters, unfeminine colors, and bold and simple design. We hate to say it, but maybe that’s part of the reason the book got so much attention (well, that and its sheer brilliance, of course).

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As an indie author, I had a lot of say in my book cover, and my publishers and I definitely gave this question serious consideration. The protagonist of my novel "Pandora's Bottle" is a middle-aged man who spends half a million dollars on a bottle of wine and loses his investment in a rather spectacular way. It's hard to call these things, but my readers have been pretty equally divided between men and women. I do think the cover design had something to do with that.

Most authors published by the Big Six do not have the freedom pick cover images, control the typeface and direct marketing messages. The system in place drives these choices. Publishers want a genre specific book that can sell within the existing business structure. A meta-analysis of the underlying message is: flowers on the cover, lyrical typeset, goldenrod color etc. are a code. The message is for women (the largest percentage of book purchasers) to buy this book because it fits within Chick Lit, Women’s Memoir, or domestic goddess tales. These novels entertain, warm your heart, and make you cry just a bit. If we only accept Simon Baron-Cohen’ premise in The Essential Difference that men’s and women’s brains are wired differently. The next step is to say men who are visual, mathematical and get things done should continue to dominate shelves and reviews. Men remain in power and women who naturally cooperate, chatter and caretake are best kept on the Beach Book shelves. Books with girly covers generally do not receive serious attention in reviews, placement in bookstores and in the culture as a whole. There are many great novels about contemporary life that are written by women.

You've probably chosen 6 of the most beautiful covers (on books by female writers) in recent memory, and you still made your point. More likely hot pink, wacky type, cats, shoes and stick figure illustrations grace the covers of books written by women, particularly mysteries by women. I would add (since I can see the previous comment as I'm writing this) that my foreign covers have a much more serious feel to them. One friend even said "wow,this looks like a real" book. Ouch.

(Well, that cover and the raving reviews I've read, obviously.)

I don't know, the cover of "The Virgin Suicides" (in the version I got) is pretty girly by these standards. As is "Lolita", by the way. Those girly swirly letters and such a quirky girl on the cover... Also, I absolutely *love* this cover for "The Tiger's Wife": http://www.bookloverbookreviews.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/The-Tigers-Wife-by-Tea-Obreht.jpg It's in fact the reason I picked it up. But hey, I'm a woman reading a novel by a woman, so yay publishers! ...sometimes I wonder if this whole discussion isn't taken a bit too far..? Or perhaps the gender difference is still a bigger issue in the USA than it is in Europe.

This is very interesting, I must say that I agree with the point from the covers placed in the article, I too thought Jennifer Egan's cover stood out, perhaps the feminine name together with the masculine design gave it more power. I also felt that the cover for IQ84 crossed the divide, although it reminded me of a movie poster, possibly inspired by The Social Network. It just highlights for me the importance of a book cover, wither in digital or in regular publishing, an audience will still buy with their eyes initially.

Really interesting! As a Brit, I decided to take a peek at the British covers of the same books, to see if this bore out. It mostly does, but with some noticeable differences. The womens' covers tend to have smaller names (no huge author names like Eugenides or Franzen have), less likely to have a text emphasis, more likely to have 'feminine' illustrations, more likely to have dominant pale colours, less likely to have dark colours. However, in general, all British covers (male and female) tend to have smaller author names (though still a proportional gender bias). Male authors seem equally likely to have a small name. There are also more male covers that also have 'feminine' elements to the illustration (especially The Art of Fielding and IQ84), and the American mens' covers tend to be more 'masculine', Brits more 'gender-neutral'. Also more illustration on the mens' covers, though still less than the womens'. The pale/dark colour bias still stands, though more bold colours for the womens' British editions (especially Obreht!) Otsuka's is the only book where we almost have the same cover, but they've reduced the title size.Strange, I wonder why all that is?

I wouldn't disagree but I've also recently noticed the trend reversing. I just read Before I Go to Sleep by S.J. Watson and The Rules of Civilty by Amor Towles which had covers more in line with the "feminine" ones above and author names which I was unsure of the gender and had assumed female. I was wrong - both were men and possibly trying to draw on that assumption?